What is Law and What Areas Does It Cover?
Law is the entirety of the rules that regulate people's coexistence in social life. Law consists of sources such as statutes, laws, regulations, decrees, decisions, contracts, customs, and traditions. Law is broadly divided into two main areas: Private Law and Public Law. Private Law regulates the relationships between individuals. For example, it includes fields such as contract law, labor law, family law, inheritance law, law of obligations, and commercial law.
Public Law
Public Law, on the other hand, regulates the state's transactions related to public order and public interest. This area covers subjects such as constitutional law, administrative law, tax law, criminal law, business law, and military law. Law is also used in the international arena. International law encompasses the rules that regulate the relationships between states and international organizations.
What are the Fundamental Principles of Law?
Law operates based on certain principles. These principles are called the fundamental principles of law. The fundamental principles of law include justice, equality, predictability, the rule of law, legality, impartiality, freedom of access to justice, reliability, and independence. Justice is the most important among the fundamental principles of law. Law is designed to ensure justice, and justice must be observed during the application of law. Equality states that law is equal for everyone and that no person should be prioritized or privileged over another during the application of law. The rule of law states that the law is valid for everyone and that no one is above the law. The principle of legality states that law should only be applied based on established laws.
